Topics for Final Test III Trimester

Topics for Final Test:

1. Capitalism vs. Communism


2. Sectors of  Industry


3. Critical Thinking



4. Bring dictionary



5. Essay questions

Rubric Business Speech

                                                                                                                       

DIRECCIÓN NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN PARTICULAR

DIRECCIÓN REGIONAL DE HERRERA

SOYUZ BILINGUAL SCHOOL-CHITRÉ

SPEECH RUBRIC FINAL PRESENTATION

12TH GRADE

III  TRIMESTER

Speaker’s name: ______________________________________

Prof. Ms. Adriana Gómez

Criterion	Rating  5 Exceptional	Rating 4 Good	Rating 3 Satisfactory	Rating  2 Inconsistent	Rating 1 Unsatisfactory
	Points 10-9	Points 9-8	Points 8-7	Points 7-6	Points 5-1
Punctuality and responsibility
Main Points are clear, well presented.
Student answers ALL questions on the project easily and clearly
Confidence, personal presentation, and body language
Voice is clear and loud enough for audience to hear
Creativity and delivery of speech.
Use of Language: Effective English grammar and pronunciation
Visual Aids

TOTAL POINTS     /80

Capitalism vs. Communism

Capitalism and socialism are somewhat opposing schools of thought in economics. The central arguments in the socialism/capitalism debate are about economic equality and the role of government: socialists believe economic inequality is bad for society and the government is responsible for reducing it via programs that benefit the poor. e.g. free public education, free or subsidized healthcare, social security for the elderly, higher taxes on the rich. On the other hand, capitalists believe that government does not use economic resources as efficiently as private enterprise and therefore society is better off with the free market determining economic winners and losers.  This lack of government involvement in the economy is called “laissez faire” (literally “let it be”)

The U.S. is widely considered the defender of capitalism and large parts of Scandinavia and Western Europe are socialist democracies. However, the truth is every developed country has some programs that are socialist.

Capitalism:

At its root, capitalism is an economic system based on three things: wage labor (working for a wage), private ownership of the means of production (things like factories, machinery, farms, and offices), and production for exchange and profit (you pay for what you get).  While some people own means of production, or capital, most of us don't and so to survive we need to sell our ability to work in return for a wage.

In terms of government involvement in the economy, capitalists believe in the principle of “Laissez-faire economics, which means to "let it be".  Therefore, capitalism is opposed to government intervention in economics because capitalists believe it is inefficient.  Rather, a free market produces the best economic outcome for society. Govt. should not pick winners and losers.

Influential Leader:  Adam Smith is often identified as the father of modern capitalism.  In his book, Wealth of Nations, he discusses the importance of division of labor and free trade, the limits on government intervention, all signify the moment when economics transitions to the “modern.”

Socialism

Socialism is an economic system where the means of production, such as money and other forms of capital, are owned by the state (the government) or public. Under a socialist system, everyone works for wealth that is, in turn, distributed to everyone. Under capitalism, you work for your own wealth. A socialist economic system operates on the premise that what is good for one is good for all. Everyone works for their own good and the good of everyone else. The government decides how wealth is distributed among the people.

In a socialist economy, the government provides for the people. The taxes are usually higher than in a capitalist system. There may be government-run health care and a complete system of government-operated education. It is a misconception that people do not pay for these services. They do pay for them through higher taxes. Socialist systems emphasize equal distribution of wealth among the people.

Communism

In a way, communism is an extreme form of socialism. Many countries have dominant socialist political parties but very few are truly communist.  The key differences between socialism and communism are due to the fact that socialism is simply an economic system, while communism is both a political/governmental system and an economic system.  The second main difference between socialism and communism is that within communism the distribution of goods and services takes place according to the individuals needs, while in a socialist system, goods and services are distributed based on individual efforts (e.g. paying taxes).  Finally, within a socialist system, capitalism CAN exist (e.g. privately owned companies), while in a communist system capitalism CANNOT exist. 

Influential Leader in the development of Socialist and Communist theory: 

German economist, philosopher, and revolutionist, and one of the most original and influential thinkers of modern times, Karl Marx produced much of the theory of modern socialism and communism.  In his publication the Communist Manifesto, Marx declared that all history was the history of class struggles. Under capitalism, the struggle between the working class and the business class would end in a new society, a communist one. 

Transition of Socialist Economies

socialist-economies-in-transit.pdf

Russia Timeline

Capitalism vs. Communism

Communist Russia


Rich in Rusia documentary

Video Rich in Russia

Business Plan

BUSINESS PLAN



Design a business plan for you and three classmates. Answer the following questions

1.    What Business Am I In

2.    Your Target Market,

3.    Pricing

4.    Store Front and Layout, and

5.    Advertising.

BUSINESS PLAN QUESTIONS

Use the following questions to make decision about a business idea of your choice. Be sure to write out your answers...to remember your decisions and build on them.

1.    How can you describe the business...in only one paragraph please?

2.    What is your product, or service?

3.    Who will buy it?

4.    Where should you locate the business?

5.    How can you attract customers?

6.    What is your competition?

7.    How much should you charge for the products or service?

8.    What advice do you need and who can provide it?

9.    How will you organize the managers and/or workers of the business?

10.How will you split the profits? Who is responsible for the losses?

11.What should you consider to be able to produce the product and get it to the customer?

12.How much money is needed to get the business started?

13.How many customers will you have per month and how much will they buy per month?

14.How much does it cost to make the product or provide the service?

15.What are your operating costs? (Include your own salary)

16.How much money will your business earn each month by selling your product or service?

17.How much investment will you need to keep the business going until you make a profit?

18.What is your potential profit per year for Year I, Year II, and Year III?

19.How much money do you need to borrow to start this business?

20.How will you make the business grow in the future?

Ideas for Starters

You might want to think about some of the following types of business to get your business plan "thinking processes" moving:

• Lemonade stand
• Refreshment stand at local games
• Child care
• Hot dog stand
• Yard care
• Developing a web page for others
• Youth community center
• Shopping service for seniors
• Pet sitting
• Delivery services
• House cleaning service
• Janitorial services for local businesses
• Selling used clothes
• Jewelry making
• Catalog sales
• Temporaries agency
• Computer service business
• Travel services
• Musical group
• Repair services (shoes, electrical equipment, cars, clothing, etc.)

QUESTIONS FOR CREATIVE THINKING

Use some of the following questions to guide your thinking about starting a business:

A. What kind of business would you start if you and two classmates had access to a loan for $10, 000?

B. What kind of business could you start if you want to do business with another country?

C. How could you start a business and then later make it into your own franchising business for purposes of expansion?

Dragons Den

The Dragons are Entrepeneurs who have made millions and have a lot of experience


Dragons Den  watch the video

The Sectors of Industry and types of economy

   

Economic industries BBC bitesize

Economic Sectors Power Point Presentation


Rich in Russia video

Jerusalem: a sacred city

Jerusalem, a Tale of Two Cities  video

Very interesting BBC article: What makes Jerusalem so Holy?

Historical conflict: Timeline

Jerusalem: A Holy City Jerusalem, the capital city of Israel, is considered a holy city by three major religions: Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. For centuries, Jerusalem has been a spiritual center. The three religions can be seen in the cultural landmarks (human made buildings that represent an idea or specific place) of Jerusalem and in the symbols used around the world to represent these religions. 

All three religions describe Abraham as an important figure in their early history. Muslims (followers of Islam) call Abraham, Ibrahim. Abraham and his family were nomads. They lived in tents and traveled from place to place in order to provide good grazing for their sheep. Abraham and his people are believed to have traveled in what is now the country of Israel, as well as areas that are now part of Syria, Turkey, Jordan, and Iraq. All three religions describe Abraham as the father of two sons, Isaac and Ishmael. Jews consider Isaac to be their ancestor, and Arabs consider Ishmael to be their ancestor. Jesus, whom Christians believe to be the son of God, lived in this area also. Knowing that the three religions share a common history and geography, it is not surprising that Jerusalem is considered holy by all three religions. 

Three-fourths of today's population of Jerusalem are Jews (followers of Judaism). Jerusalem has been of religious and political importance to Judaism since Biblical times. To honor God, the Jews built over the ages a series of Temples in Jerusalem, which became the focus of Jewish religious practices and beliefs. The Jewish holy book called the Tanakh describes how important Jerusalem is for Jews.

Today, a very important cultural landmark in Jerusalem is the Western Wall (formerly called the Wailing Wall) which is a symbol of the ancient Temples. Today, Jews say prayers at this stone wall, and often prayers are written on small pieces of paper and left in cracks in the wall. Other important Jewish religious sites in Jerusalem are King David’s Tomb, the Jewish Cemetery, and Tombs of the Prophets. A cultural symbol used to recognize Judaism is a six-pointed star like the one on Israel’s flag.



Jerusalem is Islam’s third holiest city, after Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia. Muslims believe that Muhammad visited heaven from a site in Jerusalem. Muhammad was an Arab prophet who preserved the word of God (called Allah) in a sacred book called the Quran. At this spot in Jerusalem, a golden domed shrine called the Dome of the Rock was built. This cultural landmark covers the stone from where Muhammad ascended to heaven. Today, Muslims visit the Dome of the Rock for religious purposes.  Another Islamic religious site in Jerusalem is an ancient mosque (a building where Muslims pray) called Al Aqsa. The green and white flag of Pakistan shows a cultural symbol for Muslims. It is a crescent moon and a star. 






Christians (followers of Christianity) also consider Jerusalem a holy city. Many sites mentioned in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible (the holy book of the Christians) are located in Jerusalem. Jesus taught his followers and performed miracles in this city. The Via Dolorosa (Way of Sorrows) was the path Jesus walked while carrying a cross to Calvary. Calvary is the site where Jesus's body was nailed to the cross, and where he died, and was resurrected. In this location, a cultural landmark was created called the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. Therefore, this spot is very special to Christians. Christians also use a symbol to identify their religion.

Norway flag with cross





The presence of three religions has also led to violence. Each religion has at times sought to be in control of the area. Currently, Israel and Jerusalem are dominated by a Jewish leadership; however, work is continuing on allowing tolerance and political rights for those of other religious groups especially the Palestinian Muslims and Christians living in Israel.

Taken from: http://geoalliance.asu.edu/

  

Chapter 8 Geopolitics

Read from page 252 to 287, find the answers to the questions provided by your teacher.

De Blij Human Geography chapter 8

Migration Case Study Mexicans in U.S.A

Migration from Mexico to the United States Of America primarily involves the movement of Mexicans from Mexico to the southern states of America which border Mexico. In order to gain access to America, Mexicans must cross the “Unites States-Mexico Border”, a border which spans four US states & six Mexican states. In America, it starts in California and ends in Texas (east to west). Due to their proximity to the border & the high availability of work in these states, the majority of Mexicans move to California followed by Texas. California currently houses 11,423,000 immigrants with Texas holding 7,951,000.

Many Mexicans from rural communities migrate to America, the majority being males who move to America and then send money back to their families in Mexico. Many of these immigrants enter the country illegally, which often requires them to cross a large desert that separates Mexico and America and the Rio Grande. These journeys are dangerous and many immigrants have died, or nearly died, trying to cross into America through these routes.

There are incredibly high crime rates in Mexico, especially in the capital. Homicide rates come in at around 10-14 per 100,000 people (world average 10.9 per 100,000) and drug related crimes are a major concern. It is thought that in the past five years, 47,500 people have been killed in crimes relating to drugs. Many Mexicans will move out of fear for their lives and hope that America is a more stable place to live, with lower crime rates.

Unemployment and poverty is a major problem in Mexico and has risen exponentially in recent years. In 2000, unemployment rates in Mexico were at 2.2, however, in 2009, they rose by 34.43%, leaving them standing at 5.37 in 2010. A large portion of the Mexican population are farmers, living in rural areas where extreme temperatures and poor quality land make it difficult to actually farm. This is causing many Mexican families to struggle, with 47% of the population living under the poverty line. With these high unemployment and poverty rates, people are forced to move to America, where they have better prospects, in order to be able to support their families and maintain a reasonable standard of living.

The climate and natural hazards in Mexico could force people to move to America. Mexico is a very arid area which suffers from water shortages even in the more developed areas of Mexico. The country also suffers from natural disasters including volcanoes, earthquakes, hurricanes & tsunamis. Recent natural disasters could force people to migrate if their homes have been destroyed or made uninhabitable. People who live in danger zones could also migrate out of fear for their lives.

There is a noticeable difference in the quality of life between America & Mexico. Poverty, as mentioned above, is a major issue in Mexico, with 6% of the population lacking access to “improved” drinking water. Mexico’s infrastructure is severely undeveloped when compared to America’s. Despite being the 11th richest country in the World, Mexico also has the 10th highest poverty. With America offering significantly better living standards and services, such as health care, people are enticed to move to America for a better life.

Existing migrant communities in states such as Texas and California help to pull people towards migration. Existing communities make it easier for people to settle once moved and family members & friends who have already moved can encourage others to move. People are also enticed to move in order to be with their families. Cousins and brothers will often move in with their relatives after they have lived in America for a while in order to be with their family.

86.1% of the Mexican population can read & write versus 99% of the population in America. In addition, the majority of students in Mexico finish school at the age of 14, versus 16 in America. These statistics show that there are significantly better academic opportunities in America than in Mexico, which can entice Mexicans to migrate for an improved education, either for themselves or, more likely, their future children, in order to give them more opportunities in the world and allow them to gain higher paying jobs

Assimilation of Mexicans into American communities has been problematic. Many Mexicans can’t speak fluent English and studies show that their ability to speak English doesn’t improve drastically whilst they live in the US. This is largely due to them living in closed communities of other Mexican immigrants which reduces their need to assimilate with America. This can, in turn, create tension between migrants and locals which can, in extreme cases, lead to segregation, crime and violence.