Jerusalem, a Tale of Two Cities video
Very interesting BBC article: What makes Jerusalem so Holy?
Historical conflict: Timeline
Jerusalem: A Holy City
Jerusalem, the capital city of Israel, is considered a holy city by three major religions:
Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. For centuries, Jerusalem has been a spiritual center. The
three religions can be seen in the cultural landmarks (human made buildings that
represent an idea or specific place) of Jerusalem and in the symbols used around the
world to represent these religions.
All three religions describe Abraham as an important figure in their early history.
Muslims (followers of Islam) call Abraham, Ibrahim. Abraham and his family were
nomads. They lived in tents and traveled from place to place in order to provide good
grazing for their sheep. Abraham and his people are believed to have traveled in what is
now the country of Israel, as well as areas that are now part of Syria, Turkey, Jordan, and
Iraq.
All three religions describe Abraham as the father of two sons, Isaac and Ishmael. Jews
consider Isaac to be their ancestor, and Arabs consider Ishmael to be their ancestor. Jesus,
whom Christians believe to be the son of God, lived in this area also. Knowing that the
three religions share a common history and geography, it is not surprising that Jerusalem
is considered holy by all three religions.
Three-fourths of today's population of Jerusalem are Jews (followers of Judaism).
Jerusalem has been of religious and political importance to Judaism since Biblical times.
To honor God, the Jews built over the ages a series of Temples in Jerusalem, which
became the focus of Jewish religious practices and beliefs. The Jewish holy book called
the Tanakh describes how important Jerusalem is for Jews.
Today, a very important
cultural landmark in Jerusalem is the Western Wall (formerly called the Wailing Wall)
which is a symbol of the ancient Temples. Today, Jews say prayers at this stone wall, and
often prayers are written on small pieces of paper and left in cracks in the wall. Other
important Jewish religious sites in Jerusalem are King David’s Tomb, the Jewish
Cemetery, and Tombs of the Prophets. A cultural symbol used to recognize Judaism is a
six-pointed star like the one on Israel’s flag.
Jerusalem is Islam’s third holiest city, after Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia. Muslims
believe that Muhammad visited heaven from a site in Jerusalem. Muhammad was an
Arab prophet who preserved the word of God (called Allah) in a sacred book called the
Quran. At this spot in Jerusalem, a golden domed shrine called the Dome of the Rock was
built. This cultural landmark covers the stone from where Muhammad ascended to
heaven. Today, Muslims visit the Dome of the Rock for religious purposes. Another
Islamic religious site in Jerusalem is an ancient mosque (a building where Muslims pray)
called Al Aqsa. The green and white flag of Pakistan shows a cultural symbol for
Muslims. It is a crescent moon and a star.
Christians (followers of Christianity) also consider Jerusalem a holy city. Many sites
mentioned in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible (the holy book of the Christians)
are located in Jerusalem. Jesus taught his followers and performed miracles in this city.
The Via Dolorosa (Way of Sorrows) was the path Jesus walked while carrying a cross to
Calvary. Calvary is the site where Jesus's body was nailed to the cross, and where he
died, and was resurrected. In this location, a cultural landmark was created called the
Church of the Holy Sepulcher. Therefore, this spot is very special to Christians.
Christians also use a symbol to identify their religion.
Norway flag with cross
The presence of three religions has also led to violence. Each religion has at times sought
to be in control of the area. Currently, Israel and Jerusalem are dominated by a Jewish
leadership; however, work is continuing on allowing tolerance and political rights for
those of other religious groups especially the Palestinian Muslims and Christians living in
Israel.
Taken from: http://geoalliance.asu.edu/
